Self-driving Vehicles
Self-driving vehicles explained
Self-driving vehicles are those in which no human operator is required to operate them. A self-driving vehicle is alternatively known as autonomous vehicle, or driver-less vehicle.
The vehicle, in such cases, is controlled, navigated, and driven through a combination of sensors, electro-mechanical controls, and software.
We are not aware of any currently legally operating autonomous vehicles anywhere in the world. However, there are partially autonomous vehicles with varying degree of self-automation ranging from brake and lane assistance vehicles to highly independent autonomous prototypes.
Levels of Autonomy
Level 0:
No significant automation. All major systems controlled by a human.
Level 1:
Some major aspects like cruise control, automatic braking, lane assistance may be automated, but only one feature at a time.
Level 2:
The vehicle offers at least two simultaneous autonomous functions, but requires humans for safe operation.
Level 3:
The vehicle can handle all safety-critical functions under certain conditions, but requires human take over when alerted.
Level 4:
The vehicle is fully autonomous under certain driving situations, though not all.
Level 5:
The vehicle is completely capable of self-driving in every situation
Technology Challenges
Self-driving vehicle technology faces many challenges, apart from sensor malfunctioning or electro-mechanical breakdown. You will be surprised to know that, we humans, form the most formidable challenge, with our irreverent, illogical, and impulse-driven driving habits.
- Autonomous vehicle gets bogged down by lane cutting human-driven cars.
- Handling two-and-three wheelers and pedestrians is a tough ask for autonomous vehicle.
- Abrupt breaking is an issue.
Sources & Acknowledgements
The material for this blog makes use of blogs found at two other websites. We acknowledge their contribution with gratitude.
1. Union of Concerned Scientists – USA – their blog on “Self-Driving Cars Explained“
2. GRABCAD.COM – The largest online community of professional designers, engineers, manufacturers, and students. Blog by Steven Symes on 23/04/2019 titled “The Biggest Challenge For Autonomous Cars“
